How the Damper works

The Damper is divided into oil-gas combined front fork Damper, hydraulic damping Damper, spring-air damping Damper, nitrogen-filled hydraulic Damper and spring type Damper according to the working medium.

Spring-air damper

Due to the limited damping force of the air, the damping effect of the Damper is not ideal. Generally, it is only used for the low-speed moped as a rear Damper, and we do not take up too much space here.

Hydraulic Damper

At present, motorcycles are the most common Dampers, and their working principles are briefly introduced.

Hydraulic damped rear Damper

The hydraulic Damper is basically similar in structure to the suction pump, except that the upper end of the steel body of the hydraulic Damper is closed, and a small hole is left in the valve. When the rear wheel encounters a bumpy road surface, the cylinder moves upward and the piston moves relatively downward in the inner cylinder. At this time, the piston valve is flushed upward, and the oil on the lower side of the piston in the inner cylinder chamber flows to the upper side of the piston without any resistance.

At the same time, this part of the oil also flows into the oil chamber between the inner and outer cylinders through the small holes in the bottom valve, thus effectively attenuating the impact load of the bumpy road on the vehicle. When the wheel falls over the raised ground, the cylinder will also move downward, and the piston will move upward relative to the cylinder. When the piston moves upward, the oil flushing the bottom valve flows toward the inner cylinder, while the oil on the upper side of the inner cylinder piston flows downward through the small hole in the piston valve.

At this time, the oil flows through the small hole and is subjected to a large resistance, which produces a good damping effect and serves the purpose of damping.

Telescopic tubular front fork hydraulic Damper

The telescopic front fork is connected with the front wheel and the frame. It plays the role of a part of the skeleton and acts as a Damper. As the stem tube and the sleeve retract each other, the oil in the front fork flows through the small holes in the partition wall.

When the stem tube is compressed, as the stem tube moves, the oil in the chamber B is compressed and flows through the small hole in the stem tube to the chamber C. At the same time, it flows through the free valve to the A chamber. When the oil flows, the resistance is attenuated by the compressive force.

When the compression stroke is reached to the limit, the tapered oil seal at the end of the handle tube is inserted, thereby closing the passage of the B indoor oil. At this time, the oil pressure in room B rises sharply, causing it to be in a closed state, thus limiting the stroke of the stem tube and effectively preventing an instantaneous mechanical collision between the movable parts on the front fork.

When the stem tube is stretched (ie, rebounded), the oil in the chamber A flows through the small hole provided in the upper portion of the front fork piston (near the piston ring) to the chamber C. At this time, the resistance to the flow of the oil attenuates the tensile force. When the extension stroke reaches the limit, the elongation of the rebound spring absorbs the vibration energy, and in the process, the oil is replenished to the B chamber through the small hole in the lower portion of the front fork piston, ready for the next work.